The purpose of this Question Verification Form is to enable Priority Setting Partnerships (PSPs) to describe clearly how they checked that their questions were unanswered, before starting the interim prioritisation stage of the process.
The JLA requires PSPs to be transparent and accountable in defining their own scope and evidence checking process. This will enable researchers and other stakeholders to understand how individual PSPs decided that their questions were unanswered, and any limitations of their evidence checking.
Name of the PSP
Epilepsy PSP
Please describe the scope of the PSP
The aim of this PSP is to identify the unanswered questions about epilepsy from patient, carer, and clinical perspectives and then prioritise questions that patients, carers, and clinicians agree are the most important for research to address.
The scope of the epilepsy PSP is defined as:
- Diagnosis and cause
- Treatment options
- Care and management (includes social, emotional and psychological well-being)
- Co-existing conditions
The PSP will exclude from its scope questions about:
- Access to services
- Treatment of epilepsy outside of Canada
The PSP Steering Group has advised on and agreed to the approach to evidence checking to determine whether questions posed by the epilepsy community are true uncertainties. Members of the Steering Group include patients, carers, and clinicians, as individuals or representatives from a relevant group.
The evidence check portion of the PSP was completed by the Information Specialist team, made up of staff from the Knowledge Translation Program at Unity Health Toronto.
Please provide a brief overview of your approach to checking whether the questions were unanswered
Based on suggestions from the epilepsy community, the Steering Group approved a set of 198 summary questions. The Information Specialist team organized questions into the three question types: quantitative (n = 165), qualitative (n = 32), and mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) (n = 1).
The strategy on this verification form outlines the approach taken to search for evidence syntheses relating to quantitative questions and the quantitative components of mixed methods questions. For information on the search strategy for each qualitative question, please review the Epilepsy PSP Qualitative Verification Form.
Part A:
Working with a Library Technician at the Knowledge Translation Program at Unity Health Toronto, a set of full-text systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines, and syntheses suggested by the Steering Group were collated into EndNote (version X7.7.1).
Part B:
The internal EndNote search function was used to search the pool of evidence syntheses relating to epilepsy, seizures, and convulsions (see Part A). A member of the Information Specialist team searched for key terms from each question using the “PDF” “contains” function within EndNote (see Table 1 below). A member of the Information Specialist team cross-referenced the summary question with the title results of the search, starting with the most recent reviews first. If a study title seemed relevant, the team member searched the full PDF for key terms from each question. The team member reviewed the sentences surrounding each keyword and, if relevant, the study conclusion.
After recognizing that many questions remained unanswered by syntheses, the Steering Group approved considering information from background and discussion sections of syntheses as relevant evidence.
If a full summary question was answered, the reference was recorded and the evidence check for that question was considered complete. If a reference addressed a question, but clearly stated that “more evidence is needed” to answer the question, the question was marked as unanswered and the relevant reference was recorded. Other search results for Part B continued to be reviewed.
If part of a summary question was answered, the team member recorded which parts of the question were answered and associated references. The team member rewrote the question to reflect only the unanswered piece.
If a team member was unsure whether a citation was answered by a review, the question and citation were discussed by at least three team members and a consensus decision was made. Any outlying questions on evidence interpretation not solved by consensus were escalated for review by the Information Specialist team’s Scientist.
Questions that required additional review were brought to a subgroup of the Steering Group, made up of a patient, a carer, and a clinician for consideration.
Upon completion of the evidence check, the Steering Group reviewed the overall results. This included reviewing questions marked as answered or partially answered by background and discussion sections of reviews.
Please list the type(s) of evidence you used to verify your questions as unanswered
Evidence checking was conducted across clinical guidelines and systematic reviews.
Please list the sources that you searched in order to identify that evidence
Systematic Reviews:
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Cochrane Epilepsy
Clinical Guidelines:
- Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)
- Steering Group confirmed that no relevant Canadian Royal College guidance exists on this PSP topic.
Additional Sources Suggested by PSP Steering Group:
- International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE)
- A member of the Information Specialist team reviewed all resources on the ILAE site and extracted English clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews
- World Health Organization (WHO): Epilepsy: a public health imperative
What search terms did you use?
Part A - Search Terms for Evidence Syntheses:
Terms for Epilepsy, seizures, and convulsions were searched. Truncation and search features were utilized to ensure that all relevant word variations were searched.
The core Cochrane search:
#1 MeSH descriptor: [Seizures] explode all trees
#2 MeSH descriptor: [Epilepsy] explode all trees
#3 (epilep* or seizure? or seizing or convulsion*):ti,ab,kw
#4 #1 or #2 or #3 in Cochrane Reviews
Part B - Search Terms Within EndNote:
Root words of key terms within each question were searched using the “PDF” “contains” function within EndNote (see Table 1). For example, for the question “are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of having autism?,” the term “autis” was searched for within each of the evidence synthesis PDFs.
Please describe the parameters of the search (eg time limits, excluded sources, country/language) and the rationale for any limitations
No date limitations were included.
English only (or translated into English) knowledge syntheses were considered.
Names of individuals who undertook the evidence checking
Information Specialist team members:
Danielle Kasperavicius, Jeanette Cooper, Kyle Silveira, Dr. Kathleen Gamble (qualitative specialist)
Library Technician: Alissa Epworth
Scientist: Dr. Christine (Tina) Fahim
On what date was the question verification process completed?
Part A searches were run on May 26, 2020. The question verification process (Part B) took place from May 28, 2020 to July 28, 2020.
Any other relevant information
- For co-existing conditions questions, adverse events of anti-seizure drugs (ASDs) were not considered as co-existing conditions
- For example, for the question “what causes memory problems associated with seizures,” reviews outlining memory loss as an adverse event of an ASD were not considered.
- Acute incidents (e.g., respiratory depression from ASDs) were not considered long-term disorders.
- For questions relating to reproduction and pregnancy, effects on the pregnant person and the fetus’ health were considered, unless specified otherwise.
Table 1: Summary Questions and Key Words Searched in EndNote for Part B of the Quantitative Evidence Check
| Summary Question |
EndNote Keywords for Part B Because the EndNote “PDF” “contains” function finds only groupings of specified letters, the root of each key word was searched. No asterisks or database operators were used. |
| Q01: Does excessive alcohol intake increase the likelihood of seizure onset? | All references were reviewed |
| Q02: Do acquired brain injuries (such as scarring due to stroke or brain surgery) cause seizures? | All references were reviewed |
| Q03: Can a traumatic brain injury (e.g., concussion or other physical head trauma) cause seizures, and if yes, there a specific timeframe? | All references were reviewed |
| Q04: Why and how does abnormal brain organization (cortical dysplasia) in certain parts of the brain cause seizures | All references were reviewed |
| Q05: Does depression or anxiety cause seizures? | All references were reviewed |
| Q06: Are there any exposures in a person's surroundings (e.g., chemicals, pesticides, heavy metals, pollution etc.) that are associated with an increased risk of seizures? | Chemicals Pesticides Metals Pollution Environment |
| Q07: Are any contagious diseases associated with an increased risk of seizures? | All references were reviewed |
| Q08: Do environmental factors (e.g., changes in weather patterns, moon phases, and seasons) affect the frequency of seizures? | Weather Moon Season Climate |
| Q09: Are there lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, amount of exercise) associated with an increased risk of seizures? | Diet Exercise Lifestyle |
| Q10: What are the genetic markers are associated with seizure disorders and are any inheritable? | Genetic + Predispos |
| Q11: What is the relationship between seizures and the human microbiome? | Microbiome Gut |
| Q12: Is there a relationship between hormonal changes (e.g., puberty, menopause, menstrual cycle, pregnancy) and seizure onset and frequency? | Puberty Menopause Menstrual Pregnancy Hormones |
| Q13: Are there sex or gender differences in seizure frequency? | Gender Sex |
| Q14: Can using illegal drugs cause non-withdrawal seizures? (Illegal drugs do not include cannabis products or alcohol) | Illegal Substance Abuse |
| Q15: Can approved pharmaceuticals (e.g., chemotherapy, Accutane, anti-depressants) cause seizures? | Chemotherapy Pharmaceutical Accutane Antidepressant |
| Q16: Does stress/excitement cause/trigger seizure onset? | Stress Excite |
| Q17: Is there a relationship between autoimmune disorders and seizures? | Autoimmune |
| Q18: Does dehydration cause seizures? | Dehydration |
| Q19: Do enlarged ventricles in the brain cause seizures? | Ventriculomegaly Hydrocephalus |
| Q20: Is emotional trauma (e.g. sexual abuse, Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome) associated with an increased risk of seizures? | Sexual Abuse Emotional Abuse Psychological Abuse PTSD PTSS |
| Q21: Can a vitamin deficiency cause seizure disorders? | Vitamin Deficiency |
| Q22: Can vaccinations cause seizure disorders? | Vaccin |
| Q23: Do fevers cause epilepsy? | Fever + Epilepsy |
| Q24: Does periventricular nodular heterotopia cause seizures? | Periventricular |
| Q25: Are sleep disorders linked to developing seizures? | Sleep Disorder |
| Q26: In people with Sunflower Syndrome, what causes involuntary handwaving? | Sunflower |
| Q27: Are learning difficulties (e.g., trouble learning to read) associated with seizures? | Learning Disabilit |
| Q28: Are developmental delays associated with seizures? | Developmental Delay |
| Q29: Is Type 1 diabetes associated with an increased risk of seizures? | Diabetes Type 1 |
| Q30: What causes idiopathic temporal lobe epilepsy in adults? | Temporal Lobe Epilepsy |
| Q31: What causes Mesial Temporal seizures? | Mesial |
| Q32: What tests could be conducted to reduce the time to diagnose epilepsy or other seizure disorders for people experiencing seizures? | Diagnostic Test |
| Q33: For people with brain lesions, are there early indicators of seizure development? | Brain Lesion |
| Q34: How often do misdiagnoses of epilepsy or seizure disorders occur? | Misdiagnos |
| Q35: Can a safe and effective device be used for portable EEG monitoring in patients with seizures? | Ambulatory + EEG |
| Q36: How useful are EEGs as a seizure disorder/epilepsy diagnostic tool? | EEG |
| Q37: Can we improve the management or outcome of seizures using EEG or MRI as seizure monitoring tools? | EEG |
| Q38: What is the role of genetic testing in the diagnosis of epilepsy? | Genetic Test |
| Q39: How does understanding where seizures originate affect the outcome of treatment? | Focal Seizure |
| Q41: What is the most effective testing protocol for determining causes of seizures and/or a diagnosis of epilepsy or other seizure disorder | Diagnostic Test |
| Q42: What is the impact of seizures on the brain over a prolonged period of time? | Brain Health Long-term Impact Neurodegenerat |
| Q43: Does life expectancy of people who experience seizures/epilepsy differ from life expectancy of the general population and if so, how does it differ? | Life Expectancy |
| Q44: What are the long-term impacts of seizure disorders on patients' overall health and development? | Impacts Overall Health |
| Q45: What are the effects of seizures during pregnancy? | Pregnancy + Seizure |
| Q46: What causes seizures to change in presentation and/or severity? | Seizure + Severity |
| Q47: Why do some seizure disorders resolve? | Remission |
| Q48: What are the brain changes, on a cellular level, that lead to seizure development? | Cellular |
| Q49: What are the major factors associated with risk of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP)? | SUDEP |
| Q50: How can the risk of SUDEP be reduced in people with epilepsy? | SUDEP |
| Q51: Are there ways to prevent seizures? | Prevention |
| Q52: Are there ways to prevent the development of epilepsy/seizure disorders? | Prevention |
| Q53: What is the relationship between age and seizure onset? | Age of Onset |
| Q54: Are any pregnancy and birth-related factors (e.g., forceps delivery, blood sugar level at birth, prematurity) associated with an increased risk of seizures? (This question relates to individual being born, not the person delivering the child) | Pregnancy + Seizure |
| Q55: Can any treatments cure seizures? | Cure Seizure Free |
| Q56: Are any treatments effective at controlling seizures? | Control Seizure Control |
| Q57: Does deep brain stimulation prevent seizures? | Deep Brain Stimulation |
| Q58: Is a ketogenic diet effective at reducing seizures in people who experience seizures. | Ketogenic |
| Q59: Does exercise (including cardiovascular exercise and yoga) reduce the risk of future seizures in people who experience seizures? | Exercise Cardiovascular Yoga |
| Q60: Why do anti-seizure drugs stop working in some seizure patients? | Drug Resistant Anti-Seizure Drug AEDs Anti-Epileptic Drugs Stop Working No Effect Monotherapy Combination Therapy Effective |
| Q61: Why are anti-seizure drugs effective for only some seizure types? |
Anti-Seizure Drug |
| Q62: How effective are anti-seizure drugs? | Anti-Seizure Drug AEDs Anti-epileptic drug Monotherapy Combination therapy Effective |
| Q63: Are reduced doses of anti-seizure medications effective at controlling seizures? | Dose Decrease Dose Reduced Dose |
| Q64: Does individual metabolism impact the effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs? | Metabolism |
| Q65: Does pregnancy impact the effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs? | Pregnant Pregnancy Child Bearing |
| Q66: Do supplements (e.g., daily multivitamins) impact the effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs? | Supplement Vitamin |
| Q67: For patients taking multiple anti-seizure drugs, how can we determine which combination of anti-seizure drugs are effective? | Combination Therapy Polypharmacy Polytherapy |
| Q68: How do hormone levels impact the effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs in people who experience seizures? | Hormones |
| Q69: Are birth control pills an effective treatment for catamenial seizures? | Birth Control |
| Q70: How effective is surgical treatment for adults and children who experience seizures/epilepsy? | Surgery Surgical Treatment |
| Q71: Which factors (if any) impact the effectiveness of surgery as a treatment for seizures? | Surgery Surgical Treatment |
| Q72: How effective is vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) at reducing seizure frequency? | Vagus Nerve Stimulation |
| Q73: Which treatment protocol is best for emergency seizure management? | Rescue Medication Status Epilepticus Emergency |
| Q74: What is the best way to use rescue medications in community settings (e.g., schools)? | Rescue Medication Status Epilepticus Emergency |
| Q75: What are the alternative emergency treatments to lorazepam and midazolam? | Rescue Medication Status Epilepticus |
| Q77. What are the major side effects of anti-seizure drugs? | Side Effect Adverse Event Adverse Effect Therap |
| Q78: What are the major side effects of non-drug treatments for seizures (e.g., surgery, ketogenic diet, vagus nerve stimulation)? | Side Effect Adverse Event Adverse Effect Surgery Ketogenic Vagus Nerve Stimulation |
| Q79: How can treatment side effects be mitigated for people who experience seizures? | Side Effect Adverse Event Therap Treatment Mitigate |
| Q80: What causes the side effects associated with treatments for seizures? | Side Effect Adverse Event Therap Treatment |
| Q81: Are anti-seizure drugs safe to use during pregnancy? | Pregnancy |
| Q82: What are the impacts of long-term use of commonly used anti-seizure drugs on a person’s overall health and development | Anti-Seizure Drug AED Anti-Epileptic Drug Monotherapy Combination Therapy Effective |
| Q83: What are the impacts of common non-drug treatments (e.g., surgery, diet changes etc.) on a person’s overall health and development? | Surgery Surgical Treatment Diet Ketogenic |
| Q84: What are the impacts of anti-seizure drugs on the reproductive health of people who experience seizures? | Pregnancy Pregnant Reproductive Child Bearing |
| Q85: Which non-drug treatments are effective for controlling seizures? | Surgery Surgical Treatment Diet Ketogenic Non-Pharmacological Yoga |
| Q86: Are cannabis products (e.g., Marijuana, CBD oil) an effective treatment for seizures? | Canna |
| Q87: Does the use of cannabis products (e.g., CBD oil, marijuana) in combination with standard treatments (e.g., anti-seizure medication) provide increased seizure control? | Canna |
| Q88: Is it safe to use cannabis products with standard treatments (e.g., anti-seizure medication)? | Canna |
| Q89: Are dietary changes alone effective at reducing seizure frequency? | Diet Diet Therapy Ketogenic |
| Q90: Do dietary changes provide increased seizure control when used in combination with standard treatments (e.g., anti-seizure drugs)? | Diet Diet Therapy Ketogenic |
| Q91: How effective are dietary changes (e.g., the ketogenic diet) at reducing seizure frequency on their own and in combination with standard treatments (e.g., anti-seizure drugs)? | Diet Diet Therapy Ketogenic |
| Q92: Does any form of exercise, in combination with standard treatment or on its own, reduce seizure frequency? | Exercise Cardiovascular Yoga |
| Q93: Is laser surgery a safe, effective alternative to traditional surgical interventions to treat seizures? | Surgery Laser Surgery |
| Q94: Is psychotherapy an effective treatment for reducing seizure frequency? | Psychotherapy Psychological |
| Q95: Is vagus nerve stimulation an effective treatment for reducing seizure frequency? | Vagus Nerve Stimulation |
| Q97: Is gene therapy an effective treatment for seizures caused by single gene mutations? | Gene Gene Therapy Genetic |
| Q98: Are hormone-based therapies effective in treating seizures? | Hormone |
| Q99: Is intravenous immune globulin (IVIg) therapy effective at preventing seizures? | Intravenous Globulin |
| Q100: Is ultrasound therapy an effective treatment for seizures? | Ultrasound |
| Q101: Is use of a hyperbaric chamber an effective treatment for seizures? | Hyperbaric |
| Q103: How can treatment options be tailored for specific seizure types and syndromes? | Anti-Seizure Drug AED Anti-Epileptic Drug Monotherapy Combination Therapy Effective |
| Q104: After initial seizure diagnosis, what follow-up care protocol(s) provide the best outcomes for people who experience seizures? | Protocol Follow-Up Care |
| Q105: How often should anti-seizure drug treatment be reviewed and adjusted by a healthcare professional? | Adjust Review |
| Q106: What is the best strategy for monitoring seizure patients to prevent side-effects and breakthrough seizures? | Monitor |
| Q107: Is it safe to wean a person who has experienced seizures off of anti-seizure drugs and if so, when is the right time to wean off anti-seizure drugs? | Wean Withdrawal |
| Q108: What indicators should be used (e.g., serum level, dose, length of time on treatment) to evaluate effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs? | Anti-Seizure Drug AED Anti-Epileptic Drug Monotherapy Combination Therapy Effective Indicator Dose |
| Q109: Is changing to a new anti-seizure drug after first drug failure (i.e., taking only 1 drug at a time) as effective at controlling seizures as adding a second drug to a patient's treatment plan (i.e., taking 2 drugs at a time)? | Combination Therapy Polypharmacy Polytherapy Add-On |
| Q110: When should treatment alternatives to anti-seizure drugs (e.g., surgery, thermal ablation, ketogenic diet) be considered to treat seizure patients? | Complementary |
| Q111: If we study prodrome and post-ictal states closely, can we use our findings to develop effective treatments for prodrome and post-ictal states? | Prodrome Post-Ictal |
| Q112: Can an understanding of the role of estrogen metabolism in seizures be used to develop an effective treatment for seizures? | Estrogen Metabolism |
| Q113: Which non-genetic indicators can be used to select the most effective treatment option for a patient? | Indicator Consider Select |
| Q114: Can genetic indicators be used to select the most effective treatment option for a patient and if so, which markers? | Genetic+mark Genetic+indic |
| Q115: What is the best treatment for seizures in children? | Child Pediatr Juvenile |
| Q116: Should pediatric patients with seizures be reassessed during a transition program? | Child Pediatr Juvenile |
| Q117: Is it safe and effective to take anti-seizure drugs and anti-depressants together? | Depres |
| Q118: Is it safe and effective to receive vaccinations while taking anti-seizure drugs? | AED Antiseiz Anti-seiz Antiepil Anti-epil |
| Q119: Do legal substances (e.g., alcohol, cannabis) impact the effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs | AED+interact Antiseiz+interact Anti-seiz+interact Antiepil+interact Anti-epil+interact AED+Alcohol Antiseiz+Alcohol Anti-seiz+Alcohol Antiepil+Alcohol Anti-epil+Alcohol AED+Cannabis Antiseiz+Cannabis Anti-seiz+Cannabis Antiepil+Cannabis Anti-epil+Cannabis AED+Marijuana Antiseiz+Marijuana Anti-seiz+Marijuana Antiepil+Marijuana Anti-epil+Marijuana |
| Q120: Are there any interactions between anti-seizure drugs and medications for other conditions (e.g. antibiotics)? | AED Antiseiz Anti-seiz Antiepil Anti-epil Within each PDF pulled from the list above, searched for “interact” |
| Q121: What treatments for seizures or epilepsy can be safely and effectively administered in a community setting (i.e., not in a hospital or doctor’s office)? | Treat Care Manag+Communit All titles searched |
| Q136: What is the best method to manage substance abuse for people with epilepsy or other seizure disorders? | Substance Abuse Addiction |
| Q141: What stress management techniques are most effective for people who experience seizures? | Stress |
| Q150: How can people who experience seizures and their caregivers decrease their risk of injury due to seizures in their daily lives? | Safe Injur |
| Q151: How can seizures be detected/monitored to reduce safety risks/complications? | Safe Injur |
| Q152: Is it safe for people who experience seizures to care for children alone? | Child Pediatr Juvenile Safe Injur |
| Q156: How does air travel affect those who are experiences seizures? | Travel Plane Air |
| Q157: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? | ADHD Attention Deficit |
| Q158: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of having autism? | Autis |
| Q159: What causes behavioural changes in people who experience seizures? | Behav |
| Q160: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of cardiovascular problems (e.g., heart attack)? | Cardio Heart |
| Q161: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing dementia or early-onset dementia? | Dementia |
| Q162: Are people who experience seizures at increased risk of developing depression/anxiety? | Depres |
| Q163: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of having developmental delays? | Development |
| Q164:How does medication for other conditions effect the presentation of seizures in people who experience them? | Medicat+Seizur Drug+Seizur Pharma+Seizur |
| Q165: What causes memory problems associated with seizures? | Memor |
| Q166: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk for any mental health illnesses (excluding depression/anxiety)? | Mental health+seizur Psych+seizur |
| Q167: How do seizures impact the mood of people who experience them? | Mood |
| Q168: Are seizures associated with significant personality changes in people who experience them? | Personalit |
| Q169: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of sleep disorders | Sleep |
| Q170: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of suicidal thoughts? | Suicid |
| Q171: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases? | Autoimmun |
| Q172: Is there an association between epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures? | Psychogenic non-epilept nonepilept |
| Q173: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing learning disabilities? | Learning |
| Q174: What causes the development of post-ictal psychosis in people who experience seizures? | Ictal+Psychosis |
| Q175: Is there an increased risk of substance abuse/addiction in people who experience seizures? | Substance Abuse Addiction |
| Q176: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of having migraines? | Migraine |
| Q177: Are anti-seizure drugs associated with an increased severity of breathing disorders | Breat+Anti Respi+Anti |
| Q178: Is use of anti-seizure drugs associated with an increased risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome? | Bowel IBS |
| Q179: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of losing their sense of smell? | Smell Anosmia |
| Q180: Is use of anti-seizure drugs associated with an increased risk of other neurological conditions (e.g. Tourette's)? | AED+Neurolog Antiseiz+Neurolog Anti-seiz+Neurolog Antiepil+Neurolog Anti-epil+Neurolog |
| Q181: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing involuntary twitching of voluntary muscle groups, such as arms or fingers (severe benign fasciculation)? | Voluntary Fasciculation Twitch |
| Q182: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing joint inflammation (bursitis)? | Joint Bursitis |
| Q183: What is the best treatment for behavioural issues in people who experience seizures? | Behav |
| Q184: What medical, non-medical and community support methods can assist people who experience seizures in managing depression/anxiety? | Depression Anxiety |
| Q185: Can seizure control decrease the severity of developmental delays in people who experience seizures? | Development |
| Q186: What is the best method for treating developmental delays in people who have seizures? | Development |
| Q187: What are the best treatment and management options for memory loss in people who experience seizures ? | Memor |
| Q188: What are the best methods to manage mood swings in people who experience seizures? | Mood |
| Q189: What is the best way to support the mental health of people who experience seizures? | Mental Health+Seizur Psych+Seizur |
| Q190: How can sleep quality be monitored and improved for people who experience seizures? | Sleep |
| Q191: What is the best way to manage suicidal thoughts in people who experience seizures? | Suicid |
| Q192: How can depression/anxiety be prevented in people who experience seizures? | Depression Anxiety |
| Q193: How can behavioural issues be prevented in people who experience seizures? | Behav |
| Q194: Are people who experience seizures at an increased risk of developing cognitive deficits? | Cognitive+Deficit |
| Q195: How can chronic migraines be managed in people who experience seizures? | Migraine |
| Q196: Can memory issues associated with seizures improve over time? | Memor |
| Q197: What is the best protocol for screening seizure patients for common co-existing conditions? | Screen |